Physical cleaning technology refers to the use of acoustic, optical, electrical, and thermal principles, depending on the role of external energy, such as mechanical friction, ultrasonic, negative pressure, high pressure, impact, ultraviolet, steam, and other methods to remove dirt on the surface of the object. Common physical cleaning technology, including high-pressure water jet cleaning, laser cleaning, and ultrasonic cleaning.
Physical cleaning technology
High-pressure water jet cleaning technology can be in narrow and complex spaces and the poor operating environment under the conditions of cleaning, it is mainly aimed at the retention of reaction tower, vessel, pipe, and heat exchanger in the practical application process, resulting in some difficult to clean the adhesion, dirt, scale, oil dirt, etc. The laser cleaning technology has no mechanical contact, does not have the abrasion question, also does not need to use a chemical reagent, and will not cause chemical corrosion, it is mainly used to remove glue from mold, dust, and dirt ancient buildings and stone relics, rust on the shipboard surface, paint on aircraft metal skin and composite parts, high-speed iron surface, etc. The ultrasonic cleaning technology has the advantages of high precision, high speed, good effect, little pollution, and no bad by-products, for example, medical equipment cleaning, surface spray treatment, and other fields.
Chemical cleaning technology refers to the use of chemical agents or other solvents to remove dirt on the surface of objects by the action of chemical reactions. The method mainly uses the cleaning agent to infiltrate and permeate the dirt first, so that the hydrophilic group in the cleaning agent component is arranged in the periphery directionally, and the hydrophilic group is adsorbed on the oil pollution, to infiltrate the oil pollution which is not easy to get wet, thus, the detergent adsorbed on the oil stain is gradually inflated, as shown in Figure 2. As the dirt is dispersed in the cleaning solution, the dirt can be washed away with water to achieve the effect of decontamination.
Principle of chemical cleaning
Chemical cleaning agents are commonly used in chemical cleaning technology, according to the pH value of the division, chemical cleaning agents can be divided into alkaline cleaning agents and acid cleaning agents. The main ingredients of alkaline cleaning agents are Surfactant, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc. . They are effective in cleaning some grease and acid dirt, in optical products used in the optical glass cleaning agent. Alkaline cleaning agents can also be used to remove the surface of the processing parts of the cutting, grinding, pressure, and other high-viscosity oil esters, the mechanical surface of the dirt, semiconductor, and other precision parts cleaning. Acid cleaning agents contain organic acids (citric acid, D-gluconic acid, tartaric acid, etc.), inorganic acids (hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid), Surfactant acid, chelating agent, corrosion inhibitor, etc., has certain sterilization and deodorization function can dissolve the material deposited down for a long time, such as building external wall cleaning, building cleaning, etc., can also be used for hospital cleaning brush, enamel, ceramics, and other items cleaning disinfection.
Microbial cleaning technology refers to the use of microorganisms on the equipment attached to the dirt for decomposition, the formation of small molecules of non-toxic soluble substances method. The process works by releasing microbes into the detergent and keeping them alive. The enzymes break down the molecular bonds of hydrocarbons in the dirt, allowing the molecules to break down and be expelled along with the detergent. The microbiological cleaning technology has the advantages of low cost, safety and environmental protection, non-corrosion of instruments and equipment, and can improve the cleaning performance of the cleaning agent, widely used in petrochemical plants, food processing plants, machinery factory parts cleaning, groundwater treatment and other fields.
